PDII Practice Test Questions

Explanation:

To ensure code reuse, maintainability, and separation of concerns, Salesforce best practices recommend that common logic (such as integration with external APIs) be encapsulated in dedicated reusable Apex classes or services.

By creating a reusable Apex class, Universal Containers can:

Centralize all integration logic.
Make it easier to update or refactor the integration.
Avoid code duplication across classes.
Enable better testing and mocking during unit tests.

Why other options are incorrect:

A. Creating a separate Apex class for each endpoint increases fragmentation and complexity. While separation can sometimes help, having too many tiny classes can hurt readability and maintainability unless there's a very large API with modular parts.
B. Duplicating code in each class violates the DRY (Don't Repeat Yourself) principle and leads to maintenance issues.
D. Static resources are not appropriate for storing executable logic like Apex code. They're meant for files (JavaScript, images, etc.), not integration logic.

Salesforce Reference: Apex Integration Services

Explanation:

Since the Order__c object has private organization-wide defaults (OWD), access is restricted by default. To automatically grant read-only access to the User specified in the Quality_Controller__c lookup field, Criteria-Based Sharing is the most efficient and scalable solution.

Why Criteria-Based Sharing?

Automatically assigns sharing rules based on record criteria (e.g., Quality_Controller__c = [Current User]).
No manual intervention or Apex code required, unlike Apex Managed Sharing (Option C).
Read-only access is configurable (unlike Record Ownership, which grants full access).

Explanation:

When dealing with long-running callouts (up to two minutes per endpoint), using synchronous HTTP callouts directly from a Visualforce page risks hitting timeout or governor limits. The Salesforce Continuation class is specifically designed to handle asynchronous callouts in Visualforce, keeping the user interface responsive while waiting for the callouts to complete.

In this scenario, since both endpoints may take a significant amount of time to process, implementing a Continuation for both callouts is the best approach. Even though the tax callout requires input from the billing callout's response, you can structure your Continuation such that you first initiate the billing callout asynchronously and, once its response is received, initiate the tax callout—also asynchronously. By ensuring both callouts run with the Continuation mechanism, you avoid blocking the UI and can aggregate the results to display simultaneously to the user. This design adheres to best practices for handling long-running operations in Visualforce pages.

Explanation:

When you have long-running, sequential processes — especially involving heavy database operations and callouts — you must avoid governor limits like:

Max CPU time
Max number of DML statements or rows
Max number of callouts

Queueable Apex is the best tool in this case because:

It allows you to break the process into multiple transactions.
You can chain Queueable jobs using System.enqueueJob() from within the execute() method.
Each job runs in its own transaction with fresh governor limits.
This allows you to:
Run database operations in one Queueable job.
Then chain another Queueable job to perform callouts.
Continue this chaining to handle all steps sequentially.

References: Queueable Apex Documentation

Explanation:

To debug and troubleshoot the commission calculation engine, a developer can use several tools provided by Salesforce to inspect and pause the execution of Apex code.

Apex Interactive Debugger: It allows real-time debugging of Apex code execution. With this tool, a developer can set breakpoints, step through code, inspect variables, and evaluate expressions.

Developer Console: Although the Developer Console does not allow interactive debugging, it does provide the ability to view logs that capture the execution of code. Debug logs can be inspected to understand the flow of execution and values of variables at different points in time.

Apex Replay Debugger: This tool is part of Salesforce Extensions for Visual Studio Code. It allows a developer to replay a debug log as if they are stepping through the code line by line, which can be very useful to inspect the state of variables at specific points in the execution.

Explanation:

These two components work together to create responsive layouts in Lightning Web Components (LWC):

lightning-layout - This is the container component that provides responsive behavior. It automatically adjusts its layout based on screen size using a 12-column grid system.
lightning-layout-item - This component is used within lightning-layout to define individual items in the responsive layout. You can specify how many columns each item should occupy at different screen sizes.

Why these work best for responsiveness:

They automatically handle screen size changes without requiring custom CSS media queries
Provide built-in responsive behaviors through attributes like small, medium, and large to control column spans
Follow Salesforce's design system for consistent responsive behavior

Why not the others:

A. lightning-navigation - This is for page navigation, not layout responsiveness
B. lightning-input-location - This is a specific input component for location data, not for layout

Explanation:

This is the most robust solution because:

Atomic Transaction - By using savepoints, you ensure both the parent and child records are either committed together or rolled back together if the child record creation fails.
Data Integrity - This guarantees the business rule that "every parent must have a child" is always maintained, as the parent won't persist without its child.
Proper Error Handling - The solution properly handles the validation rule error by rolling back the entire transaction.

Why not the other options?

A. addError() on parent - Doesn't prevent the parent from being inserted, violating the business rule.
C. Database.insert(allOrNone=true) - Would fail the entire transaction but doesn't provide the granular control needed to handle the specific child record validation failure.
D. Delete parent in catch - Risky as the delete operation could also fail, leaving an orphaned parent record.

Explanation:

When integrating an external system of record—such as a Product Information Management (PIM) system—with Salesforce, it is crucial to provide a robust and scalable endpoint for handling incoming product events. By exposing a custom Apex REST service, a developer can design a dedicated web service that processes incoming JSON (or XML) requests whenever a product is created or updated in the PIM. This approach permits the developer to implement custom logic for:

Upserting the Product2 Record: The custom REST endpoint can inspect the payload from the PIM system and either create a new Product2 record or update an existing one.
Creating or Updating the PricebookEntry: After processing the product information, the endpoint can then create or update the associated PricebookEntry record. By reading a custom setting that contains the specified Pricebook2, the endpoint ensures that all PricebookEntry records are tied to the correct price book as required.
Business Rule Enforcement and Error Handling: The custom Apex REST method provides full control over the integration process. This includes implementing error handling, logging, and any business logic needed to validate the incoming data before performing DML operations.

Other options are less appropriate for these requirements:

Event Monitoring is used for auditing and tracking user activity rather than handling data integration.
Invocable Action is typically used within Salesforce automation tools like Process Builder or Flow, which are not inherently designed to serve as integration endpoints for external systems.
SObject Tree REST is useful for batch insertion of related sObjects but is not tailored to serve as an integration interface for handling dynamic updates from an external PIM.
By building a Custom Apex REST service, the solution becomes both scalable and adaptable to the business requirements, ensuring that whenever the external system sends an update, the Salesforce system responds in a consistent, transactional manner that meets the enterprise standards.

Explanation:

In Apex test methods, the System.runAs() method is essential for simulating different user contexts to verify record sharing rules. In this scenario, you need to ensure that the Visualforce page properly restricts data access based on whether the user is a customer (community user) or a sales representative (or an administrator). By using System.runAs(), you can create and execute test scenarios under the context of users with different profiles and sharing settings. This allows you to effectively test how sharing rules are applied when both customer and sales rep (or administrator) access the same Visualforce page.

Explanation:

The scenario describes a native iOS app needing to connect to Salesforce and retrieve consolidated data from multiple objects, returned as JSON. This points directly to a server-side API that:

Can receive HTTP requests from the iOS app.
Can query multiple Salesforce objects and return custom JSON.

Why Apex REST web service is optimal:

It lets you define custom REST endpoints in Apex using @RestResource.
You can write complex logic to query and combine data from multiple SObjects.
The response can be formatted as JSON, which is natively supported and expected by iOS clients.
REST is lightweight and more suitable for mobile apps compared to SOAP.